大语言模型在临床诊断中的应用前景与挑战综述

程睿

四川大学华西临床医学院，四川成都，610041；

摘要：近年来，随着相关技术迅速发展，大语言模型在医疗中的应用不断拓展，而其在临床诊断中的应用与挑战亟待分析总结。本文系统梳理了大语言模型在问诊与病历生成、临床决策支持、影像与报告生成等临床诊断领域的应用探索。随后详细阐述了大语言模型幻觉现象、可解释性、隐私与伦理问题、专科适配性方面存在的挑战与局限，并提出未来解决思路。最后得出结论，大语言模型在临床诊断中展现出显著潜力，其广泛应用仍需在各方面不断完善，最终服务于临床实践。

关键词：大语言模型；人工智能；临床诊断

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