智能纳米酶材料：新型杀菌武器与促进糖尿病伤口愈合的新策略

庞永鸿

福建师范大学，福建福州，350108；

摘要：糖尿病慢性感染伤口[1]，尤其是糖尿病足溃疡（DFU），因其顽固的细菌生物膜和受损的愈合微环境（如高氧化应激、持续炎症和血管生成障碍），已成为临床治疗的重大难题。传统抗生素和清创疗法由于穿透性差、易产生耐药性且功能单一，难以有效应对这一挑战。近年来，智能纳米酶[2]材料的出现为这一领域带来了革命性的突破。纳米酶是一类具有酶样特性的纳米材料，作为天然酶的替代品在各种应用中显示出巨大的潜力。与传统材料不同，智能纳米酶不仅具有类似天然酶的高效催化活性，更能智能响应糖尿病伤口特有的微环境信号（如弱酸性、过高水平的过氧化氢和特定酶），实现精准、按需的治疗。本综述旨在阐述智能纳米材料的概念分类以及其杀菌机制与促进糖尿病感染伤口愈合机制。

关键词：智能纳米酶；糖尿病伤口；杀菌；伤口愈合

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