质谱技术在前列腺肿瘤蛋白质标志物检测中的应用
朱艳莉

上海理工大学，上海，200093；

摘要：前列腺癌（Prostate Cancer, PCa）是男性中最常被诊断出的癌症之一。由于我们无法及早识别出前列腺癌患者，导致了大规模的过度治疗。目前常用的筛查方法是PSA（前列腺特异性抗原）筛查，但该方法也会带来一些负面影响，例如PSA假阳性引发的焦虑和前列腺活检可能导致的感染或直肠出血等并发症。PSA筛查的主要风险在于过度诊断，因此，发现或鉴定新的肿瘤标志物成为关键。当前研究表明，质谱技术凭借其高精确度，在鉴定和定量蛋白质标志物方面展示出巨大潜力。最新的质谱技术能够从少量生物样本中鉴定和定量数千种蛋白质。目前，研究已在前列腺癌患者的组织、血液、尿液和精浆中鉴定出多个新的诊断和预后生物标志物。本文综述了质谱技术在前列腺癌蛋白质标志物研究中的最新进展，并讨论其在精准医疗中的潜在应用。

关键词：质谱技术；蛋白质组学；前列腺癌；生物标志物；精准医疗

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