外科手术后影响引流的相关因素分析
季卫奔 李延旭 吴巍

扬州大学附属医院普外科，江苏扬州，225000；

摘要：外科手术后引流技术历经数千年发展，从希波克拉底的芦苇管引流到现代闭式负压系统，其核心目标始终是清除创面积液、预防感染并促进术后康复。本文分析了糖代谢、低蛋白血症、凝血功能异常、肥胖等患者自身因素和手术操作因素对引流的影响。当前引流技术仍面临引流管感染、材料局限及指南缺失等挑战，未来需融合智能监测、生物活性导管等创新技术，构建“精准评估-动态调控”管理体系，推动个体化与规范化发展。

关键词：引流；术后管理；影响因素

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