微生物群落功能提升的“自上而下”与“自下而上”策略研究综述
樊艳茹 陈阔 刘和铭 张灿 吕鹏翼

河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院，河北石家庄，050018；

摘要：微生物群落在环境治理、农业生产、生物能源等领域具有重要的应用价值。提升微生物群落的功能性已成为当前微生物工程研究的核心课题之一。本文系统梳理了当前主流的两种策略——“自下而上”和“自上而下”，探讨其在微生物群落构建与优化中的原理、实施路径与适用场景。通过对比分析两种策略的优势与局限性，提出未来可行的策略融合与应用方向，为高效、可控的微生物群落构建提供理论支撑与实践指导。

关键词：微生物群落；自上而下策略；自下而上策略；合成生态学；定向进化；功能优化

参考文献

[1]ZIEGLER M,SENECA F O,YUM L K,et al.Bacterial community dynamics are linked to patterns of coral heat tolerance[J].Nat Commun,2017,8:14213.

[2]THOMAS J L,ROWLAND-CHANDLER J,SHOU W.Artificial selection of microbial communities:what have we learnt and how can we improve?[J].Curr Opin Microbiol,2024,77:102400.

[3]LIU X,SALLES J FDrivers and consequences of microbial community coalescence [J].ISME J,2024,18(1).

[4]JING J, GARBEVA P, RAAIJMAKERS J M,et al.Strategies for tailoring functional microbial synthetic communities [J]. ISME J,2024,18(1).

[5]PENG X, WANG S, WANG M,et al. Metabolic interdependencies in thermophilic communities are revealed using co-occurrence and complementarity networks[J].Nat Commun,2024,15(1):8166.

[6]HE Y,YUN H,PENG L,et al.Deciphering the potential role of quorum quenching in efficient aerobic denitrification driven by a synthetic microbial community[J].Water Res,2024,251:121162.

[7]HE Y,YUN H,PENG L,et al.Synthetic microbial community maintains the functional stability of aerobic denitrification under environmental disturbances:Insight into the mechanism of interspecific division of labor[J].Water Res,2025,277:123270.