Genome sequencing of upland rice Hanxiang 1 reveals its evolutionary differences from Rice
Peng Guowei  Song Xiaohua

Xinjiang Guowei Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd Karamay，Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region，834000；

Abstract: As an important resource for drought resistance breeding, genome research reveals the molecular mechanism of adaptive evolution of upland rice Hanxiang 1. Genome assembly showed highly repetitive sequences (62.3%) and allotetraploid characteristics, and LTR retrotransposons dominated genome expansion. Functional genomic analysis revealed the expansion of resistance gene family and sodium transporter oshkt1; 5. Evolutionary studies reveal the effect of gene flow on phylogeny through the positive differentiation time of population genome school. Technical bottlenecks include difficulty in haplotype assembly, lack of non coding RNA annotation and bias in positive selection analysis. The optimization strategy integrates long reading and long sequencing, CRISPR function verification and multiomics association analysis, which significantly improves the genome continuity (contin N50 up to 2.1MB) and the accuracy of metabolic network analysis. This study provides genome-wide resources and evolutionary theoretical framework for genetic improvement of upland rice.

Keywords: Upland rice；Genome assembly；LTR retrotransposon；OsHKT1；five

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