基于电动汽车V2G的充放电策略优化研究
李飞 史轮 陈磊 申洪涛 吴一敌 武光华 申雪昀

国网河北省电力有限公司营销服务中心，河北省石家庄，050035；

摘要：随着电动汽车规模增长，其无序充电对配电网造成的峰荷压力愈加突出。社区作为私家车主要充电场景，充电行为受用户出行随机性影响，易产生负荷峰-峰现象。为提升电动汽车对电网的友好性，本文构建了基于车网互动（V2G）与分时电价的充放电优化模型，以峰谷差、网荷波动与用户成本为综合目标，并提出改进骨干粒子群优化算法（IBBPSO）。算法引入认知系数、高斯与柯西混合扰动及边界再分配机制，并结合贝叶斯优化实现参数自适应调整。研究表明，该策略可有效降低负荷峰谷差、提升负荷利用率并减少用户费用。

关键词：电动汽车；需求侧响应；车网互动；分时电价；有序充放电

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